{"id":72,"date":"2020-04-13T14:11:45","date_gmt":"2020-04-13T14:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/?page_id=72"},"modified":"2020-10-23T12:56:56","modified_gmt":"2020-10-23T12:56:56","slug":"iron-from-the-disintegrating-cannons-at-el-morro-fortress-havana-cuba","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/the-reeve-bequest\/1888-trip-to-mexico-and-the-caribbean\/iron-from-the-disintegrating-cannons-at-el-morro-fortress-havana-cuba\/","title":{"rendered":"Iron from the Disintegrating Cannons at El Morro Fortress &#8211; Havana Cuba"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"329\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-scaled.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/the-reeve-bequest\/artifacts-in-the-reeve-bequest\/iron-from-the-disintegrating-cannons-at-el-morro-fortress-havana-cuba\/buvnouz8\/\" class=\"wp-image-329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-1x1.jpeg 1w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/buvNoUZ8-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"330\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-scaled.jpeg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/the-reeve-bequest\/artifacts-in-the-reeve-bequest\/iron-from-the-disintegrating-cannons-at-el-morro-fortress-havana-cuba\/selwsmhl-1\/\" class=\"wp-image-330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-1536x2048.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-1x1.jpeg 1w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SeLWsmHL-1-scaled.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Acquired in Havana, Cuba at Castillo de los Tres Reyes Magos del Morro, 23.1508\u00b0 N, 82.3562\u00b0 W<\/li><li>Acquired in March 1888<\/li><li>BM# 1948.64.109<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>General Reeve was what archaeologists now call a chipper\u2014someone who takes small pieces of monuments as they visit them to add to their personal collection. During his travels to Cuba in 1888, Reeve acquired a fragment of iron through this method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/6782680081_ffa1581143_b-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-338\" width=\"401\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/6782680081_ffa1581143_b-1.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/6782680081_ffa1581143_b-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/6782680081_ffa1581143_b-1-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/><figcaption>Castillo de los Tres Reyes Magos del Morro (El Morro Castle), Havana CC BY-NC-ND 2.0<br>https:\/\/search.creativecommons.org\/photos\/647de3b3-ee5c-4c07-8b04-5d172d4c4511<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Architect Juan Battista Antonelli designed Morro Castle, or \u201cCastillo de los Tres Reyes Magos del&nbsp;Morro\u201d and oversaw construction between 1590 and 1630 (El Morro Castle, 2020). Castillo del Morro and San Salvador de La Punta, both designed by Antonelli, were both fortresses used to defend Havana from invaders, notably against the British in the late 18<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century during the Anglo-Spanish War (El Ca\u00f1onazo, 2012).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/31917143910_3796ed4de5_b-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/31917143910_3796ed4de5_b-2.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/31917143910_3796ed4de5_b-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/31917143910_3796ed4de5_b-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/31917143910_3796ed4de5_b-2-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Waves crashing against El Morro Castle CC BY-SA 2.0<br>https:\/\/search.creativecommons.org\/photos\/de5bb34a-aa04-4971-8bbc-fdde093067a9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>General Reeve\u2019s orange corroded iron fragment comes from a cannon; he describes his fragment as iron from a disintegrating cannon, meaning this cannon was not in good condition upon acquisition. There are many cannons on display at Castillo del Morro, but perhaps this fragment comes from one of the cannons used to complete an important tradition of the castle and Havana. Every evening at 9pm, a cannon is fired from the fortress. This tradition began in the late 17<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;century when cannon blasts were fired at 4:30 am and 9:00pm to signify the opening and closing of the gates into Havana. In 1898, the custom changed to firing once at 9:00pm, which still holds to this day and reminisces the closing of the gates of Havana at sunset.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4402336890_97f7ce5bae_b.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4402336890_97f7ce5bae_b.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4402336890_97f7ce5bae_b-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4402336890_97f7ce5bae_b-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/4402336890_97f7ce5bae_b-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Cannon inside El Morro Castle, Havana CC BY-NC-ND 2.0<br>https:\/\/search.creativecommons.org\/photos\/2c8432ed-a9b3-45b0-95f5-5bb0ab67e946<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For Further Reading<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cocroft, Wayne. 2000. <em>Dangerous Energy: The Archaeology of Gunpowder and Military Explosives Manufacture.<\/em> Swindon: English Heritage.&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u201cEl Ca\u00f1onazo: Pirates, British and Cannon Blast.&#8221;&nbsp;July 2012. LaHabana.com.\u201d LaHabana.&nbsp;<em>La Habana<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lahabana.com\/content\/el-canonazo-pirates-british-and-cannon-blast\/\">http:\/\/www.lahabana.com\/content\/el-canonazo-pirates-british-and-cannon-blast\/<\/a><\/li><li>\u201cEl Morro Castle.\u201d 2020. Castles and other Fortifications in Europe and Beyond. <em>castles.nl<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.castles.nl\/el-morro-castle\">https:\/\/www.castles.nl\/el-morro-castle<\/a><\/li><li>Fornias, Carlos Venegas, Narciso G. Menocal and Edward Shaw. 1996. \u201cHavana between Two Centuries.\u201d <em>The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts<\/em> 22: 12-35.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Niglio, Olimpia. &#8220;Geometry and Genius Loci: Battista Antonelli&#8217;s Fortifications in Havana.&#8221; Nexus Network Journal 16, no. 3 (2014): 723-735.; Pemble, W. W. 1958.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Sapieha, Nicolas and Francesco Venturi. 1990.&nbsp;<em>Old Havana, Cuba.&nbsp;<\/em>London: Tauris Parke Books.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Acquired in Havana, Cuba at Castillo de los Tres Reyes Magos del Morro, 23.1508\u00b0 N, 82.3562\u00b0 W Acquired in March 1888 BM# 1948.64.109 General Reeve was what archaeologists now call a chipper\u2014someone who takes small pieces of monuments as they visit them to add to their personal collection. During his travels to Cuba in 1888, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"parent":415,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width.php","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-72","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":525,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72\/revisions\/525"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/bakermuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}