{"id":198,"date":"2019-07-02T20:01:59","date_gmt":"2019-07-02T20:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/cfam\/?p=198"},"modified":"2025-07-28T16:04:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T16:04:07","slug":"frida-kahlo-por-la-paz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/2019\/07\/02\/frida-kahlo-por-la-paz\/","title":{"rendered":"Frida Kahlo: \u201cPor la Paz\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_199\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-199\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-199 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/cfam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-300x281.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-300x281.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-768x719.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-1024x959.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-321x300.jpg 321w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-100x94.jpg 100w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-150x140.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-200x187.jpg 200w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-450x421.jpg 450w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-600x562.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1-900x842.jpg 900w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Kahlo_Por-La-Paz-For-Peace-1.jpg 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-199\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frida Kahlo (Mexican, 1907-1954), For peace \/ Por la paz, Ink and colored pencil on paper \/ Tinta y l\u00e1piz de color sobre papel, 1952, 7 31\/64 x 3 63\/64 in., Collection of Dr. Zapanta \/ Colecci\u00f3n del Dr. Zapanta, \u00a9 2019 Banco de M\u00e9xico Diego Rivera Frida Kahlo Museums Trust, Mexico, D.F. \/ Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A small work\u00a0by Frida Kahlo\u00a0(Mexico, July 6, 1907<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">July 13, 1954) in the exhibition\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mexican Modernity: 20<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Century Paintings from the Zapanta Collection<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0encapsulates so much meaning, and yet it\u00a0looks so\u00a0simple\u00a0that it is easy to understate its\u00a0historical significance.\u00a0The two-sided drawing\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por\u00a0la\u00a0Paz\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For Peace<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) created in 1952 features the artist\u2019s self-portrait in which she is represented wearing her signature\u00a0Tehuana\u00a0dress. (1)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Below her\u00a0image\u00a0appear four figures in profile and frontal view. On the\u00a0verso,\u00a0a\u00a0small vignette shows a hand holding\u00a0a dove, a universal symbol of peace, and below the image are the words \u201cPor\u00a0la\u00a0paz,\u00a0Coyoac\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico\u2014El\u00a0mundo\u00a0entero. Frida Kahlo, 1952.\u201d\u00a0This unassuming object, created with a\u00a0color\u00a0pencil and signed in ink, marks an important moment in Kahlo\u2019s personal story\u00a0and\u00a0a\u00a0historical juncture in which art played a significant role in social and political discourse.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the early 1950s, the years leading\u00a0to her death,\u00a0Kahlo\u00a0suffered numerous\u00a0health complications; she was\u00a0confined to a bed for lengthy periods\u00a0of time\u00a0and\u00a0endured, among other procedures,\u00a0several\u00a0spinal surgeries. In 1953, her right leg\u00a0was\u00a0amputated; her physical and emotional health continued\u00a0to deteriorate. However, while faced with these challenging circumstances, Kahlo never lost sight of her commitment to social justice and peace, and her unwavering loyalty to communist ideals informed her activism until her last day.\u00a0On July 2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nd<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 1954, still recovering from pneumonia (and against doctors\u2019 orders), Kahlo, along with her husband Diego Rivera, and other prominent artists, attended a demonstration to protest the American\u00a0government\u2019s\u00a0intervention in Guatemala, which resulted in a military coup d\u2019\u00e9tat and the removal of Guatemalan president\u00a0Jacobo\u00a0\u00c1rbenz, who had been\u00a0democratically\u00a0elected.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(2) Kahlo attended the protest in a wheelchair and carried a large sign decorated with a white dove and the words \u201cPor\u00a0la\u00a0paz.\u201d\u00a0This act \u201cwas her last public appearance, and Frida made herself into a heroic spectacle. As Diego pushed her wheelchair slowly through the bumpy streets, prominent figures in the world of Mexican culture followed in her wake.\u201d (3)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0The phrase\u00a0\u201cPor\u00a0la\u00a0paz\u201d\u00a0alluded to the\u00a0pursuit of\u00a0peace, not only in Mexico and Guatemala but throughout the world.\u00a0The protest was one of many massive demonstrations against US interventionism in Latin America. The Mexican government grappled with the reality that increased instability in their country\u00a0could\u00a0potentially lead to American military action in their soil in order to ensure security\u00a0and order north of the border.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_200\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-200\" style=\"width: 278px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-200\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/cfam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/frida_3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"278\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/frida_3.jpg 206w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/frida_3-100x119.jpg 100w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/frida_3-150x178.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.rollins.edu\/rma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/frida_3-200x238.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 278px) 100vw, 278px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-200\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo taken July 2nd, 1954. Pictured behind Frida Kahlo is Diego Rivera. Next to her is artist Juan O&#8217;Gorman. Photographer unknown.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kahlo kept abreast of the developments in Guatemala and Mexico\u2019s response to the unfolding events. As early as 1952, the date of the drawing in our exhibition, there were news reports and rumors about the US government\u2019s possible intervention in Guatemala. That\u00a0same year, the Mexican government commissioned Diego Rivera to paint a mural for an international exhibition in Paris. The mural (painted only a couple of years after the start of the Korean War and now lost),\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nightmare of War and the Dream of Peace<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was a statement for global peace\u00a0and a commentary on war; it featured Kahlo in her\u00a0wheelchair\u00a0distributing copies of the Stockholm Appeal, which called for a ban on atomic weapons. Among the figures included in the painting were Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong offering a peace treaty to the west, along with workers, peasants, and members of the military. One of the last works by Rivera, it was considered anti-American and to this day provokes much controversy and speculation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With fist raised and her peace sign in hand, Kahlo used her visibility to mobilize members of the art community to protest interventionism in neighboring Guatemala. She used her platform to advance the causes she believed in and to give a voice and visibility to the marginalized. From her choice in attire to her declarations and statements and her appearance in Rivera\u2019s controversial mural, Kahlo was determined to use every opportunity to raise awareness and promote peace. Kahlo died only a couple of weeks after the protest. This month,\u00a0as we celebrate Kahlo\u2019s birth and commemorate her departure from this world, we are reminded that small gestures often have historical longevity and that artistic expression is not created in a vacuum but instead reflects moments of upheaval and change, and embody the opportunity for transformation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u201cThe\u00a0Tehuana\u00a0dress comes from the Tehuantepec Isthmus, which is in the southeast part of Mexico in the state of Oaxaca. [\u2026] The Tehuantepec Isthmus is a matriarchal society, so that means women dominate the culture; they administer the society. Frida Kahlo didn\u2019t just choose any dress from Mexico. She chose a dress that symbolizes a very powerful woman.\u201d\u00a0Hunter\u00a0Oatman-Stanford,\u00a0<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uncovering Clues in Frida Kahlo\u2019s Private Wardrobe\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in Collectors Weekly, accessed June 18, 2019.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.collectorsweekly.com\/articles\/uncovering-clues-in-frida-kahlos-private-wardrobe\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.collectorsweekly.com\/articles\/uncovering-clues-in-frida-kahlos-private-wardrobe\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><sup>2<\/sup> President\u00a0\u00c1rbenz\u00a0had included members of the Communist Party in his cabinet, had started an agrarian reform that hurt the interests of the oligarchy and the United Fruit Company. In the eyes of the CIA and the Department of State these measures jeopardized the Hemisphere\u2019s stability because they opened the door to Soviet influence.\u201d Soledad\u00a0Loaeza, \u201cThe Mexican Political Fracture and the 1954 Coup in Guatemala (The Beginnings of the Cold War in Latin America),\u201d\u00a0<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Culture &amp; History Digital Journal<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 4 (1), accessed June 26, 2019,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3989\/chdj.2015.006\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3989\/chdj.2015.006<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><sup>3<\/sup> Hayden Herrera,\u00a0<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frida: A Biography of Frida Kahlo<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, (New York: Harper &amp; Row Publishers),\u00a0p.\u00a0429.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A small work\u00a0by Frida Kahlo\u00a0(Mexico, July 6, 1907\u2013July 13, 1954) in the exhibition\u00a0Mexican Modernity: 20th\u00a0Century Paintings from the Zapanta Collection\u00a0encapsulates [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[261],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-events-at-rollins-museum-of-art"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cornell Fine Arts Museum Celebrates Frida Kahlo\u2019s Birthday<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cornell Fine Arts Museum celebrates Frida Kahlo\u2019s birth. 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